Title:
Hang in There (Cat Poster)

Meme Creator:
Unknown
Media Creator:
Victor Baldwin
Meme Creation Year:
1970s
Media Year:
1971 (poster), 1963 (original photograph)
Height of Popularity:
1970's - 1980's
Era:
Pre-Internet / Proto-History
Platform:
Posters, office decor, motivational culture
Text Meme
Type:
Tags:
motivational poster, inspirational imagery, office culture, 1970s, analog meme, Sassy the kitten, corporate culture, parody target
History:
"Hang in There, Baby" represents one of the most successful and culturally influential motivational posters in American history, serving as both a sincere inspiration tool and, eventually, an ironic symbol of corporate motivational culture. The poster features a black and white photograph of a Siamese kitten named Sassy clinging to a bamboo pole with the caption "Hang in there, baby!" What began as a straightforward motivational message became a foundational example of analog meme culture, demonstrating how mass-produced imagery could evolve from earnest inspiration to cultural parody across multiple decades.
The origins of the image trace back to 1963, when Los Angeles-based photographer Victor Baldwin captured the now-famous photograph of his Siamese kitten Sassy in various acrobatic poses, including the iconic "chin up" position on a bamboo pole (Wikipedia, 2025). Baldwin, who owned a portrait studio in Beverly Hills and photographed celebrities including Frank Sinatra, Sammy Davis Jr., and Ronald Reagan, initially created the image as part of his animal photography work. He had previously worked as a humane officer and was a lifelong cat lover, ensuring that Sassy climbed onto the pole naturally during play rather than being forced into the position (Wikipedia, 2025).
The photograph first appeared in public in Baldwin's 1970 children's book "The Outcast Kitten," co-authored with his then-wife Jeanne Baldwin and published by Golden Gate Junior Books. In the book, Sassy (given the fictional name Wiki) is portrayed as a lost kitten adopted by a mother cat with two kittens of her own (Amazon, 1970). The original caption in the book read "Chin up" rather than the later motivational phrase that would make the image famous.
The transformation from children's book illustration to cultural phenomenon began in late 1971 when Baldwin decided to produce the image as a motivational poster with the revised caption "Hang in there, baby!" The first poster was sold to composer Meredith Willson (creator of "The Music Man"), who requested it be framed (Wikipedia, 2025). Word spread quickly, and Baldwin soon found himself fulfilling orders for one to ten gross per day. He hung a copy in his studio window in 1972, which generated even more interest and demand.
The poster's success was extraordinary by any measure. By 1973, Baldwin had sold 350,000 copies at $2.00 each, generating approximately $700,000 in total revenue from the various poster sales—much of which he used to settle his divorce proceedings (Wikipedia, 2025). For a period, Baldwin was able to suspend his portrait photography business and live entirely off poster sales, though he admitted he would rather have been doing studio work. The image resonated powerfully with 1970s Americans, who found meaning in the vulnerable kitten's determination to "hang in there" during an era marked by economic uncertainty, social upheaval, and political crisis.
The poster's cultural impact extended far beyond commercial success. Baldwin received numerous letters from people describing how the image helped them through surgery recoveries, financial hardships, and other difficult life events. As Baldwin himself noted, Sassy "gave solace and strength to people everywhere, in all sorts of trouble, including myself" (Wikipedia, 2025). The poster became ubiquitous in offices, classrooms, therapists' offices, and homes throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, representing one of the earliest and most successful examples of mass-produced motivational imagery.
The poster's popularity inevitably spawned widespread imitation and unauthorized copying. Baldwin estimated that over 10 million unauthorized versions and direct copies were produced during the height of its popularity (Wikipedia, 2025). He held copyright to the original photograph since March 1, 1970, and to the poster with text since December 7, 1971, leading him to pursue legal action against infringers. While he won every case, the awards typically only covered his legal fees, making copyright enforcement a frustrating process.
The cultural transformation from sincere motivation to ironic commentary began in the 1980s and accelerated through the 1990s. As the poster became overexposed and its earnest tone clashed with emerging cynical attitudes toward corporate culture, it began appearing in television shows and films as a symbol of misguided optimism or corporate manipulation. The Simpsons featured the poster prominently in "The Twisted World of Marge Simpson" (1997), where Marge observes the 1968 copyright date and comments, "Determined or not, that cat must be long dead," transforming the motivational message into darkly comic commentary on the persistence of corporate imagery (Wikipedia Beta, 2025).
The poster gained additional cultural significance when a copy was presented to Vice President Spiro Agnew by 100 congressional supporters in 1973 as he faced pressure to resign due to corruption charges (Wikipedia Beta, 2025). This political association highlighted how the image had become embedded in American popular culture as a symbol of perseverance during difficult times.
The digital age brought renewed attention to the poster as an artifact of analog meme culture. Internet communities began creating parodies and variations, transforming the earnest kitten into darker or more cynical versions with captions like "Barely Hanging On" or "Hang in There... Maybe." The image's structure proved remarkably adaptable to remix culture, with users substituting different animals, people, or absurd contexts while maintaining the recognizable format.
Modern cultural analysis has revealed the poster's complex legacy as both genuine inspiration and unintentional commentary on the commodification of motivation. The image's persistence across multiple media transitions—from photograph to book illustration to poster to television reference to digital meme—demonstrates how certain visual concepts can evolve and maintain cultural relevance even as their meanings transform dramatically.
Notes about the Creator/s:
Creator (Media):
Victor Baldwin was a professional photographer who operated a portrait studio in Beverly Hills, California, during the 1960s and 1970s. His clientele included major entertainment figures such as Frank Sinatra, Sammy Davis Jr., and Ronald Reagan, but his personal passion lay in animal photography (Wikipedia, 2025). Baldwin also worked as a photo editor at Cat Fancy and Dog Fancy magazines, combining his professional skills with his love of animals.
Baldwin's background as a former humane officer informed his approach to animal photography, ensuring ethical treatment of his subjects. According to his nephew Roger Garrett, Baldwin spent considerable time patiently waiting for the perfect shot, taking 40 or 50 photographs to capture the iconic "Hang in There, Baby" image (Wikipedia, 2025). The photographer was careful to clarify that Sassy climbed onto the bamboo pole naturally during play and was only photographed briefly in the hanging position.
In addition to "Hang in There, Baby," Baldwin and his wife Jeanne co-authored multiple children's books featuring cats, including "Little Kitten, Big World" (1956) and "The Outcast Kitten" (1970). Following the poster's success, Baldwin produced other animal-themed posters throughout the 1970s and licensed the image for various products including wristwatches, mugs, and glasses. The poster's success allowed him to take a temporary hiatus from portrait photography, though he preferred his studio work to poster sales.
Creator (Meme):
The transformation of Baldwin's motivational poster into a meme occurred through organic cultural evolution rather than through any individual creator's actions. The poster's transition from sincere inspiration to ironic commentary happened gradually as American culture shifted toward greater cynicism about corporate motivational tactics during the 1980s and 1990s.
Television writers, particularly those working on shows like The Simpsons, played significant roles in recontextualizing the poster as a symbol of misguided corporate optimism. However, the broader memetic transformation was a collective cultural process involving countless individuals who encountered the ubiquitous poster in offices and public spaces, eventually recognizing its potential for parody and ironic commentary. The digital age accelerated this process, allowing internet users to create and share variations that explicitly acknowledged the poster's evolution from motivation to meme.
Notes about the years:
Media Creation Year (1971 poster, 1963 photograph):
The original photograph of Sassy was taken by Victor Baldwin in 1963 during a session capturing various acrobatic poses of his Siamese kitten. However, this image remained unpublished until it appeared in "The Outcast Kitten" children's book in 1970, where it was captioned "Chin up." The transformation into the iconic "Hang in There, Baby" poster occurred in late 1971, when Baldwin revised the caption and began commercial poster production (Wikipedia, 2025).
Meme Creation Year (Early 1970s):
The poster began achieving memetic status in the early 1970s as it gained widespread recognition and distribution. The first commercial poster sale to Meredith Willson in 1971 marked the beginning of its cultural transmission, but its true memetic emergence occurred as it spread throughout offices, schools, and homes across America during 1972-1973. By 1973, with 350,000 copies sold, the image had achieved sufficient cultural penetration to be recognized as a shared cultural reference point.
Height of Popularity (1970s-1980s):
The poster reached peak commercial and cultural prominence during the mid-1970s, coinciding with the broader motivational poster trend and America's appetite for uplifting imagery during economically challenging times. Its status as a cultural touchstone was cemented by the 1973 presentation to Vice President Spiro Agnew and its appearance in countless offices and public spaces throughout the decade. The poster maintained significant cultural presence through the 1980s, though by this period it was increasingly subject to parody and ironic interpretation, marking the beginning of its transition from sincere motivation to meme status.
Sources and additional information:
Amazon. (1970). The outcast kitten. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from https://www.amazon.com/outcast-kitten-Jeanne-Baldwin/dp/0874641489
Know Your Meme. (2016, September 2). Hang In There, Baby. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/hang-in-there-baby
Kirkus Reviews. (1970, March 1). The Outcast Kitten by Jeanne Baldwin. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/a/jeanne-baldwin/the-outcast-kitten/
Literary Arts Blogspace. (2020, March 30). Hang In There, Baby. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from https://blog.msabrookhaven.org/literary/2020/03/30/hang-in-there-baby/
Spirochaete Trail. (2019, May). Hang In There Baby (How A Dead Cat Explains Futility). Retrieved May 30, 2025, from http://spirochaetetrail.blogspot.com/2019/05/hang-in-there-baby-how-dead-cat.html
Wikipedia Beta. (2025). Hang in there, Baby. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Hang_in_there,_Baby
Wikipedia Contributors. (2025, May 16). Hang in there, Baby. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hang_in_there,_Baby